Subject:
Regulation of Private/Independent Adoption
From: howard155d@aim.com
Date: Tue, 24 Jul 2012 16:45:02 -0400
Regulation of Private/Independent
Adoption
Prospective
adoptive parents may be concerned about the costs of adopting a child and their
ability to meet those costs. Becoming
a parent is rarely free of expenses—pregnancy
and childbirth can be expensive and even more
so without adequate insurance—and adoptive parents may be faced with initial costs that seem
challenging.
A
private, independent, or direct-placement adoption is an adoption arranged
between a birth family and an adoptive family without using a public agency. A
placement arranged in this way between families in the United States is
referred to as a private/independent domestic adoption. Attorney may assist in
completing a private domestic adoption. Unlike adoption of a child from foster
care through a public agency, which involves fairly minimal fees, in a
private/independent adoption the adoptive family is expected to pay many of the
expenses.
Approximately 47 States, the District of Columbia, American Samoa,
Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, and Puerto Rico have laws that provide some
regulation of the fees and expenses that adoptive parents are expected to pay
when arranging a private placement or independent domestic adoption. Some of
the fees and expenses addressed in the statutes include expenses of the birth
mother during pregnancy and childbirth; placement costs, such as agency fees;
and legal and attorney expenses for adoptive and birth parents.
In private placement or independent adoptions, the adoptive
parents may pay some of the birth mother's expenses, particularly in the case
of a pregnant woman planning to place her infant for adoption. Approximately 45
States, American Samoa, and the Northern Mariana Islands specify in their
statutes the type of birth parent expenses a prospective adoptive family is
allowed to pay. The actual dollar amount is usually limited to "reasonable
and customary."
The types of expenses most commonly allowed by statute include:
- Maternity-related medical and hospital costs
- Temporary living expenses of the mother during
pregnancy
- Counseling fees
- Attorney and legal fees and guardian ad litem fees
- Travel costs, meals, and lodging when necessary for
court appearances or accessing services
- Foster care for the child, If necessary
Approximately seven States explicitly prohibit adoptive parents
from paying certain types of expenses. Costs such as educational expenses, vehicles,
vacations, permanent housing, or any other payment for the monetary gain of the
birth parent often are excluded. In 16 States, the statutes do not exclude
specific types of expenses, but do indicate that any expense not expressly
permitted by law or considered by the court to be unreasonable cannot be paid
by the adoptive parents.
Approximately 18 States specify time limits for the payment of the
birth mother's living expenses or psychological counseling.The time limits set
for these payments range from 30 days up to 2 months after the child's birth or
placement. For example, Iowa allows postplacement counseling for 60 days but
limits payment of living expenses to 30 days. New York limits payment of living
expenses to 60 days prior to the child's birth and 30 days thereafter. Oklahoma
allows payments for postplacement counseling for up to 6 months but limits
other expenses to 2 months beyond placement of the child. In seven States, the
payment of expenses may not exceed a set dollar amount unless the court grants
an exception.
The fees charged by agencies as well as the extent to which they
are regulated by State authorities vary from State to State. In 34 States, the
Northern Mariana Islands, and Puerto Rico, the statutes simply authorize
agencies to collect fees that are reasonable or cover the actual cost of the adoption
services provided.12 Approximately 11 States and the District of Columbia
specify a dollar amount for agency fees or specific services that agencies
provide.13 Approximately 18 States provide for a reduction or waiver of fees
for adoptive families that meet specified income criteria.14 Nevada waives fees
when the family is adopting a child with special needs.
The services agencies typically provide include preplacement
services such as preparation of home studies of adoptive families, compiling
social and medical histories of birth families, birth family counseling, and
postplacement services. Sometimes agencies also will receive payment for birth
parent expenses and make appropriate disbursements. You are required you make a
first payment for court document preparation which should be minimum of $3,000
Kindly fill in the attach form. And immediately the form is filled i will
provide you with Account information where you will be remitting the Fee.
About Sarah's condition, The Doctor confirm with me that a number
of diseases and conditions has cause the lungs to become so unhealthy that one
or both lungs need to be replaced with a transplant. These diseases and
conditions include:
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and/or emphysema:
due to tobacco smoking, alpha-antitrypsin deficiency
(an inherited condition), or other causes
• Pulmonary fibrosis (scarring of the lung)
• Sarcoidosis
• Cystic fibrosis
• Bronchiectasis (chronic airway infection and damage)
• Primary pulmonary hypertension
• Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM)
• Langerhans cell histiocytosis of the lung (also known as
eosinophilic granuloma or histiocytosis X)
• Congenital heart disease with Eisenmenger syndrome
Other rare conditions may also be considered for transplantation.
He said, "Lung transplantation has the potential both to
lengthen her life expectancy and substantially improve quality of her
life" He added, It is impossible to predict how long she may survive
after transplantation. The most critical period for survival is the first year
after transplantation; this is the period when surgical complications,
rejection, and infection are the greatest threat to survival. Patients who
survive the first year are more likely to survive 3 years or longer after
transplantation. There are patients alive today who had lung transplantation 10
or even 15 years ago.
Kindly give me a call if there is anything you don't understand. 845-514-9648.
Best
Regards
Howard Duncan
Hi
HowieBear,
Thanks for sending pictures of my new baby. I plan on naming her Babyface, like
the 90's R&B singer... She looks very much like every other baby I've seen
- but once I get a little make-up on her, I think she'll be much more
attractive... do you know if they make wigs for babies?
Don't worry about me paying for the baby - I plan on selling one of my lungs,
and then I will have more than enough. It was either that, or sell my
collection of celebrity pubic hair... I feel that I made the right choice. I
just added Emelio Estevez to my collection... don't ask how. Wink.
I've filled out the necessary legal documents. Please review, and send me the
account information as soon as possible. I will probably even pay a little
extra because I like you.
May my baby grow large like the water buffalo,
Dave.
